Drug-induced QT prolongation

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Drug-induced QT prolongation is seen with a QT interval above 0.45 ms on the ECG and is usually a result of treatment by anti-arrhythmic drugs, such as amiodarone and sotalol, or a number of other drugs that have been reported to cause this problem (e.g., cisapride). Some antipsychotic drugs, such as haloperidol and ziprasidone, have a prolonged QT interval as a rare side-effect. Antihistamines, erythromycin, and ciprofloxacin may also cause drug-induced LQT. Genetic mutations may make one more susceptible to drug-induced LQT. It is associated with hypokalaemia, hypocalcaemia and hypothermia and may lead to torsades de pointes.

List of drugs associated with prolonging the QT interval that may or may not have FDA warnings.

• Antiarrhythmic agents
  • Type I
    • Quinidine
    • Disopyramide
    • Procainamide
  • Type III
    • Sotalol
    • Amiodarone
    • Dofetilide
• Antibiotics
  • Macrolides
    • Erythromycin
    • Clarithromycin
    • Azithromycin
  • Quinolones
    • Levofloxacin
    • Moxifloxacin
  • Other
    • Bedaquiline
    • Delamanid
    • Pentamidine
• Antifungals
  • Fluconazole
  • Ketoconazole
• Antihistamine
  • Astemizole
  • Hydroxyzine
  • Mizolastine
  • Terfenadine
• Antimalarials
  • Chloroquine
  • Halofantrine
• Antiretrovirals
  • Lopinavir
  • Ritonavir
  • Saquinavir
• Chemotherapy
  • Vandetanib
• Diuretics
  • Furosemide
• Gastroprokinetic
  • Cisapride
• Opioids
  • Apomorphine
  • Methadone
• Psychoactive drug
  • Amitriptyline
  • Asenapine
  • Citalopram
  • Cocaine
  • Escitalopram
  • Fluphenazine
  • Haloperidol (IV higher risk than PO or IM)
  • Iloperidone
  • Lurasidone
  • Olanzapine
  • Paliperidone
  • Pimozide
  • Quetiapine
  • Risperidone
  • Thioridazine
  • Ziprasidone
• Selective estrogen receptor modulators
  • Tamoxifen
  • Toremifene

Video Drug-induced QT prolongation

See also

• Long QT syndrome
• Torsades de pointes

Maps Drug-induced QT prolongation

Footnotes

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References

• Yap, YG; Camm, AJ (November 2003). "Drug induced QT prolongation and torsades de pointes". Heart (British Cardiac Society). 89 (11): 1363-72. doi:10.1136/heart.89.11.1363. PMC 1767957 . PMID 14594906. 
• Gupta, A; Lawrence, AT; Krishnan, K; Kavinsky, CJ; Trohman, RG (June 2007). "Current concepts in the mechanisms and management of drug-induced QT prolongation and torsade de pointes". American Heart Journal. 153 (6): 891-9. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2007.01.040. PMID 17540188. 
• Drug Lists by Risk Groups

Source of article : Wikipedia